Earlier this year it was claimed that Schwarzschild geometries (i.e. the classic black hole geometry) can be obtained by assembling a collection of Reissner-Nordstrom black holes held together by "struts" that resemble negative-tension strings. This is therefore a model for the microstates of a Schwarzschild black hole.
(1) There's a somewhat fringe theory that black holes contain negative pressure that contributes to dark energy. I would want to look at that idea, also negative branes (associated with altered spacetime signatures), also how black holes are obtained in Matrix theory and Tom Banks's musings on how to obtain de Sitter space in a similar way.
(2) As far as I know, we don't know how to obtain RN black holes in string theory? They can be approximated by JT gravity but UV completion not known.
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